实验建筑内部有各种类型的实验室及仪器设备，供电系统除了维持实验室特定的环境用电外，还要满足现有及未来增加的各种仪器的特殊用电要求，对于离心机、层析冷柜、低温冰箱带压缩机之类的仪器，它们的电机启动所需要的电流往往是工作电流的很多倍，在启动瞬间往往会影响该线路的电压波动，如果接在该线路上所用的大功率仪器较多，就会引起仪器工作不正常；微电子仪器如微生物电测试仪、分光光度计、计算机等对电源质量的要求比较高，大功率仪器的频频启动会产生脉冲电压，而这些脉冲电压很容易损坏元件或引起读数波动、数据丢失等故障。所以，对实验建筑供电系统的设计，除了必须预留足够的富余电量以满足未来发展的需要，还必须提供不间断的稳压电源。基于实验室的与众不同，实验建筑的供电系统从电源、线路、照明、安全等方方面面都有独特性。实验建筑的用电量通常是现有用电量的2倍。
一、实验室电源
不间断的实验室稳压电源是保证仪器稳定运行的重要部分。为了避免市电的供电电压不稳定或突然停电而影响实验室的运行，通常加装备用电源及稳压器，最常用于实验室的有UPS电源，分为两类，一类是普通的UPS，只起到不间断供电作用，但不能稳压；另一类是在线式UPS电源，既能不间断供电又能稳压。可根据实际情况和仪器要求选择不同的电源。
二、实验室供电线路：
1、为了使这些大功率仪器工作时互不干扰，一般给大功率仪器单独设一条线路，微电子仪器与大功率用电器不能共接同一条线路；
2、对于需要不间断供电的精密仪器，应配稳压的UPS电源；对于培养室、生物安全实验室、动物饲养室等需要不间断供电的实验室，必需采用双保险专用电源。
3、每一实验室内设三相交流电及单项交流电，在靠近门口设置设一个总电源控制开关，方便从走廊引线、控制检修及开启或切断室内电源。对于实验停止后仍须运行的设备，应连在专用供电电源的线路上，避免因切断实验室的总电源而影响工作。
4、实验台设置一定数量的三相及单相电源插座，电源插座回路设有漏电保护电器，插座设置应远离水盆和煤气。
5、潮湿、有腐蚀性气体、蒸汽、火灾危险和爆炸危险等场所，应选用具有相应的防护性能的配电设备。
6、化学实验室因有腐蚀性气体，配电导线采用铜芯。物理实验室可以采用铝芯导线。
7、实验室的接地系统可保证人身安全以及仪器的正常运转。一般接地种类有安全保护接地、防静电接地、直流接地、防雷接地等。
8、在同一科学实验建筑（室）内设有两种及以上不同电压或频率的电源供电时，宜分别设置配电保护装置并有明显区分或标志。当由同一配电保护装置供电时，应有良好的隔离。不同电压或频率的线路应分别单独敷设，不得在同一管内敷设。同一设备或实验流水线设备的电力线路和无防干扰要求的控制回路允许同一管内敷设。
9、高层或线路较多的多层科学实验建筑，垂直线路宜采用管道井敷设。强、弱电管线宜分别设置管道井。当在同一管道井内敷设时，应敷设在管道井内两侧。
三、实验室照明
实验室的照明设备一般以日光灯为宜，它不但使用寿命长，电源面积大，光效高，而且发热量低。在分析化学实验室，用目视法判断容量滴定指示剂变色终点时，可在操作处安设荧光灯；电磁干扰要求严格的实验室，不宜采用气体放电灯；在暗室、电镜室等应设单色（红色或黄色）照明，入口处宜设工作状态标志灯。；放射性实验室、传染性微生物实验室以及从事致癌物或毒物操作的实验室，应采用嵌装式洁净灯具，电线管路要力求暗装，电灯开关应装在室外走廊上；无菌室需要安装紫外灭菌灯，其控制开关应设在门外并与一般照明灯具的控制开关分开设置；潮湿、有腐蚀性气体和蒸汽、火灾危险和爆炸危险等场所，应选用具有相应防护性能的灯具；在安全出口，疏散通道等处应设置安装疏散指示灯，使疏散的人员能在紧急事故的情况下得以迅速疏散；管道技术层内应设照明并由单独支路或专用配电箱（盘）供电。
There are various types of laboratory and instrument equipments in the laboratory building. The power supply system should not only maintain the specific environment of the laboratory, but also meet the special requirements of various existing and future instruments For centrifuges, tomography freezers, cryogenic refrigerators with compressors and the like, their motor start-up required current is often many times the working current, in the start-up moment will often affect the voltage fluctuations of the line If more high-power instruments are connected to the circuit, the abnormal operation of the instruments will be caused; micro-electronic instruments such as Microbial Electricity Tester, photometer, computer and so on require higher power quality The frequent start-up of high-power instrument will produce pulse voltage, and these pulse voltage is easy to damage components or cause reading fluctuation, data loss and other failures. Therefore, the design of power supply system for experimental building must not only reserve enough surplus power to meet the needs of future development, but also provide uninterruptible power supply. Based on the difference of the laboratory, the power supply system of the experimental building is unique in power supply, wiring, lighting, security and so on. Experimental buildings typically use twice as much electricity as they do today. The uninterruptible laboratory power supply is an important part of the stable operation of the instrument. In order to avoid the instability of the supply voltage of the city power or the sudden power failure and affect the operation of the laboratory, it is usually equipped with a standby power supply and a voltage stabilizer. The most commonly used power supply for the laboratory is a UPS Only play the role of uninterruptible power supply, but not voltage stability; the other is on-line UPS power supply, both uninterruptible power supply and voltage stability. Different power supply can be selected according to the actual situation and the requirement of instrument. Laboratory power supply lines: 1, in order to make these high-power instruments work without interference, generally set up a separate line for high-power instruments, microelectronic instruments and high-power appliances can not be connected together on the same line; 2. For precision instruments that need uninterrupted power supply, they should be supplied with a steady-voltage UPS power supply, and for laboratories that need uninterrupted power supply, such as culturing rooms, biosafety laboratories and animal feeding rooms, double-insurance special power supply must be used. 3. Each laboratory shall be equipped with a three-phase electric power and a single AC power supply, and a master power control switch shall be installed near the door to facilitate the opening and closing of the indoor power supply from the corridor leads, control overhauls, and switching on or off. For the equipment that must be operated after the experiment is stopped, it should be connected to the line of the special power supply, so as not to cut off the total power of the laboratory and affect the work. 4. Set up a certain number of three-phase and single-phase power socket, power socket circuit with leakage protection appliances, socket settings should be far away from the water basin and gas. 5. In places where there is moisture, corrosive gas, steam, fire danger and explosion danger, the distribution equipment with corresponding protective performance should be selected. 6. The copper conductor is used in the chemical laboratory because of the corrosive gas. Aluminum conductor can be used in physics laboratory. 7. The grounding system in the laboratory ensures personal safety and normal operation of the equipment. General types of grounding have safety protection grounding, anti-static grounding, DC grounding, lightning grounding. 8. When there are two or more different voltage or frequency power supply in the same scientific experimental building (room) , it is appropriate to set up the power distribution protection device separately and have obvious distinction or sign. When supplied by the same distribution protection device, there should be good isolation. Lines of different voltages or frequencies shall be laid separately and shall not be laid in the same pipe. Power Lines and control loops without interference requirements for the same equipment or experimental assembly line equipment permit laying in the same pipe. 9. For multi-storey scientific experimental buildings with high-rise buildings or more lines, the vertical lines should be laid by pipeline wells. Pipeline Wells should be installed in strong and weak current pipelines respectively. When laid in the same pipe well, it should be laid on both sides of the pipe well. The lighting equipment of the laboratory is suitable for the fluorescent lamp. It has long service life, large power supply area, high light efficiency and low heat. In the analytical chemistry, fluorescent lamps can be installed at the operating place to determine the end point of discoloration of volumetric indicator by visual method. In the laboratory with strict electromagnetic interference requirements, gas-discharge lamp should not be used; Monochrome (red or yellow) lighting should be installed in darkroom and electron microscope room, and working status indicator lamp should be installed at the entrance. : : For Radiological Laboratories, infectious microbiology laboratories and laboratories operating with carcinogens or toxins, the use of built-in clean lamps, dark wiring and wiring, and light switches in outdoor corridors; The sterile room shall be equipped with ultraviolet sterilizing lamp, the control switch of which shall be located outside the door and set separately from the control switch of general lighting lamps; Should choose the corresponding protective performance of lamps and lanterns, in the safety exit, evacuation channel should be installed at the evacuation lights, so that the evacuation of personnel in case of emergency can be quickly evacuated; Lighting shall be provided in the technical layer of the pipeline and powered by a separate branch or special distribution box (panel) .
